Basics Knowledge Of Computer for Competitive Examination (Memory)

3. Memory

• Memory :

   In Computer, data is loaded into the memory for the user's access. Along with data, Memory contained programs or instructions. Memory is a temporary storage area built into the computer hardware. instructions and data of a program reside mainly in this area when CPU is executing the program. Following are the types of memory:-

   (I) RAM (Random Access Memory): RAM is volatile memory and it consists of some integrated circuit (IC) chips either on the motherboard or on a small circuit board attached to the motherboard. In RAM data disappears when power is turned off. The amount of RAM can be increased in order to increase the speed of the Computer. It is measured in terms of bytes.

   (II) ROM (Read Only Memory): Rom is non- volatile memory. Data is stored permanently in ROM and it can not be changed by any program. Since data can only be rad, that's why it is known as Rean Only Memory. Controls of ROM are built into it at the time of the manufacturing.

   (III) Cache Memory: Cache Memory is an extremely fast, small memory between CPU and main memory whose access time is close to the processing speed of CPU.

   (IV) Virtual Memory: Virtual memory is memory management scheme that overcomes the limitations of conventional memory by allowing the execution of processes that might not be loaded in main memory completely. It enables the execution of a process even if the process is loaded in memory partially.